Comparative African American Cultures
T,Th 11-12:15
LLC 135
Spring 2005
Admin 305 A
Telephone: 885-8956
Email: Graden@uidaho.edu
It is imperative that you attend the classes,
and that you do the readings. When it is noted discussion, please come prepared
to discuss. The quality of the discourse in the classroom depends upon your
preparation and commitment. Do not hesitate to ask questions at any time in the
class. Please, feel free to challenge my interpretations and share your own
insights. My days are enhanced significantly when I learn about new ideas and
your perspectives. My goal is for this to be one of the great learning
experiences in your journey.
I reserve the right to determine a grade based
on attendance and participation. If you miss more than five classes during the
semester, your final mark will drop by a grade. If you cannot attend a class for
health or other reasons, please leave a note in my mailbox in the department of
history (Admin 315) or send a message via email to let me know. I emphasize to
you that your involvement makes a class of this nature a worthwhile endeavor for
everyone.
Course requirements
Two book critiques
The two short papers of two to four pages (2-4
pages, typewritten, double-spaced, printed out on white paper and stapled) are assigned to help you to learn how to write effectively and to ensure
that you come to the specific discussion meeting prepared to share your ideas
and interpretations. These essays should address some theme(s) that you consider
relevant from the assigned reading. The short paper is not a "book
report." Rather, it is a critique of the book that you have read. I want to
read about your ideas and observations and critical analysis, and not an
overview of what the author has written. Show me that you have read and thought
about the book. According to the law of effective writing, the paper should
begin with an introduction, and the last sentence of the introductory paragraph
should inform the reader (me) of the central theme or focus of the critique.
Then construct coherent paragraphs that analyze in a logical manner the topic.
Finally, finish with a conclusion.
Please, write the paper a few days before the due date, so that you can return to the computer at least once before you hand it to me. This will enable you to make corrections and refinements. I have read several thousand of these short papers, and know when someone has scribbled down a bunch of ideas the night before and when the assignment has been approached seriously. I believe that these short papers are among the most important exercises that you can do as a student in a university. And you have asked me why ?!! Because the majority of students graduate from universities and colleges across the land unable to write 3-4 coherent pages on a specific topic or reading.
I hope that you find the readings challenging and stimulating. In other words, I hope that the assigned readings make you feel like you want to take pen (computer) in hand to write down your ideas.
The discussion offers a
great opportunity for you to share with the class your ideas, impressions,
sentiments, worldview, etc. I am convinced that we all have much to gain by
engaging in a reasoned and critical dialogue with each other, no matter how much
you might agree or disagree with the viewpoint of other persons. Late papers
will not be accepted. You are welcome to write as many papers as you like,
and such initiatives will be considered in my final evaluation of your work and
involvement in this course. Also, I encourage you to take advantage of the
opportunities that are available to you at the UI writing center.
I am including critiques of Jacqueline Moore, Booker T. Washington, W.E.B. Du
Bois, and the Struggle for Racial Uplift
critique one
critique two
critique three
critique four
Another critique on Edwidge Danticat, Krik! Krak!
Please note that in taking History 315 this
spring of 2005, you are agreeing (by a "contract" of sorts in the form
of the syllabus) that the two book critiques are written with your own words and
that the mid-term and final exams have been written by you in the classroom
during the examination period. If you have any questions in this regard, please
get in touch with me. I encourage the use of web sites to help you learn about
topics; I discourage use of materials from a web site or any other source when
you sit down to write your thoughts about a book you have read.
Books (available at the UI Bookstore)
Joe William Trotter, The African American Experience ISBN 0395756545
Maya Angelou, Heart of a Woman ISBN 0553380095
Edwidge Danticat, Krik? Krak! ISBN
067976657X
Jacqueline M. Moore, Booker T. Washington,
W.E.B. Du Bois, and the Struggle for Racial Uplift ISBN 0842029958
Thursday 13 January Introduction
Why Study African American Cultures? Could there be a North American – Centric
bias in the teaching of African American history in US universities?
Recommended readings: Peter Applebome,
"Can Harvard's Powerhouse Alter the Course of Black Studies?" New York
Times,
"The Black Americas, 1492-1992," NACLA: Report on the
Week Two Nineteenth-Century Slave Systems across the
Recommended is www.yaleslavery.org
Also recommended is David Brion Davis, "Looking at Slavery from Broader Perspectives,"
American Historical Review 105:2 (April 2000)
Tuesday 18 International slave trade to the
Americas, 1510s-1868
Thursday 20 Comparative Emancipations 1770s - 1888
Highly recommended is the film "Motorcycle Diaries" about Che
Guevara's travels in Latin America in 1952. The film will be shown at the
Kenworthy Theater on Main Street in Moscow 21 - 23 January.
Week Three Slave Resistance, Civil War, and
Reconstruction in the
Tuesday 25 Reconstruction: "
Thursday 27 film "Ida B. Wells: A Passion for
Justice"
"Without Sanctuary: Photography and Postcards of Lynching in America
"
http://www.journale.com/withoutsanctuary/
Week Four The "Redeemed South", 1880s-1920s
Recommended : Trotter, The African American Experience, 269-342.
Tuesday 1 Feb “A Rage for Order”: Jim Crow
laws, segregation, movement to the north and west
Thursday 3 film: segment from "W.E.B. Du Bois:
A Biography in Four Voices" and discussion
Required critique number one is due on Jacqueline Moore, Booker T.
Washington, W.E.B. DuBois, and the Struggle for Racial Uplift
Recommended is the "W.E.B. Du Bois Virtual Library" at
Reading : Lawrence J. Oliver, "'Jim Crowed' in Their Own Countries: James
Weldon Johnson's New York Age Essays on Colonialism during the Wilson
Years," on reserve
Tuesday 8 Late Nineteenth Century European Imperialism and
"Science"; The "New Empire of the
Thursday 10 discussion and segment of documentary
Week Six International Renaissance, 1915-1930s
Begin Maya Angelou, The Heart of a Woman
Recommended : review the home page of the Schomburg Center in New York City at http://www.nypl.org/research/sc/sc.html
and one of several Harlem Renaissance sites (scroll to bottom) at
http://www.wvu.edu/~lawfac/jelkins/lp-2001/johnson_jw.html
See discussion questions for Angelou's The Heart of a Woman at
http://www.readinggroupguides.com/guides/breath_eyes_memory.asp
Tuesday 15 film: "Against the Odds: The
Artists of the Harlem Renaissance"
Thursday 17 Lot's happening: New York,
São Paulo, the Caribbean, Paris in the 1920s
Week Seven
Depression, New Deal, World War Two, and McCarthyism
Reading
: conclude Angelou, The Heart of a Woman
Tuesday Feb 22 World War; and then wealth and bad times in the 1950s
Thursday Feb 24 no class.
Please (meaning you are required to) attend one (or more !) of
the events scheduled (film or lecture) in the "Ladies that Swing the
Band" program offered during the Lionel Hampton Jazz Festival, Wednesday 23
to Saturday 26 Feb. The schedule can be reviewed at http://www.ijc.uidaho.edu/PDF/JazzCollectBroFINAL1.pdf
Week Eight The Black Power Movement
Señorita
Extraviada / Missing Young Woman tells the haunting story of
the more than 200 kidnapped, raped and murdered young women of
Thursday 3 Civil Rights movement and the Vietnam
war; MLK' s politics before and after 1967
Recommended is Who Killed the Dream ? Insights concerning the
assassination of MLK http://www.whokilledthedream.com/main.html
Week Nine
Malcolm X
Recommended : Anthony Walton, "A Dream Deferred: Why Martin Luther King has
yet to be Heard," Harper's Magazine (August 2002)
Shelby Steele, "The Age of White Guilt, and the Disappearance of the Black
Individual," Harper's Magazine (November 2002), both on reserve.
Van Gosse, Where the Boys Are: Cuba, Cold War America and the Making of a New
Left
Malcolm X, The Autobiography of Malcolm X
Michael Eric Dyson, Making Malcolm: The Myth and Meaning of Malcolm X
Tuesday 8 view the film "Malcolm X: Make it
Plain"
Thursday 10 view the film "Buena Vista Social Club"
Spring break F 11 March to M 21 March
Week Ten
African Caribbean
I
Reading
: Edwidge Danticat, Krik? Krak!
Tuesday 22 Haiti's revolution 1791-1804 and legacies;
Thursday 24 20th century
Week Eleven
African
Reading
: finish Danticat, Krik? Krak!
Perhaps view in class the film "Divine Horsemen: The Living Gods of Haiti"
Tuesday 29 Discussion of Danticat short stories
and optional book critique two is due
Thursday 31 Who was Bob Marley ?
Recommended Wednesday to Saturday
The Third Annual American Indian Film Festival
The films will be shown March 30 - April 2, with all screenings FREE, beginning at 7:00 pm at the Kenworthy Theatre
http://www.webpages.uidaho.edu/~rfrey/FilmSeries.htm
Week Twelve Brasil I
Reading : France Winddance Twine, Racism in a Racial Democracy
Recommended readings:
Thomas Skidmore, "Fact and Myth: Discovering a Racial Problem in
Brazil," http://www.nd.edu/~kellogg/WPS/173.pdf
R.K. Kent, "Palmares: An
African State in Brazil," Journal of African History 6:2 (1965), 161-75, on reserve
Dale Graden, "History and Motive as seen through Antonio Frederico de
Castro Alves's "Saudacao a Palmares [Salute to Palmares]," Brasil/Brazil:
A Journal of Brazilian Literature 9:6 (spring 1993), 27-44, on reserve
Tuesday 5 April : Guest speaker : Dr. Shakti
Butler.
You can read about Dr. Butler's work at http://www.sivideo.com/diversity/shakti.htm
Thursday 7 The myth of racial democracy
Week Thirteen
Brasil II
Reading
: finish Twine, Racism in a Racial
Democracy
recommended film is "City of God" available on dvd in UI library
Tuesday 12 film
Thursday 14 Discussion of Racism in a Racial
Democracy and optional book critique three is due
Week Fourteen Hip Hop, Rappers, and
international culture
Suggested reading : UK and International Hip
Hop site
http://www.low-life.fsnet.co.uk/ukhiphop/international
Urban Ambiance Journal
http://www.uajournal.com
International Hip Hop Festival 2002
http://www.hiphopelements.com/ProAmAll/2002/MainProAm2002.htm
Hip Hop from Senegal
http://www.senerap.com/
The Hip Hop Congress
http://www.hiphopcongress.com/index.html
Tuesday 19 segment of documentary on hip hop in Cuba
Thursday 21 segment of documentary on hip hop in Sao Paulo
Week Fifteen
African Liberation Movements
Thursday 28 Frantz Fanon and Nelson Mandela
Week Sixteen
Race and Racism
Reading : John Edgar Wideman, "Whose War: The Color of Terror," Harper's Magazine (March 2002), on reserve in paper and can be accessed on line through UI library electronic reserve : http://db.lib.uidaho.edu/ereserve/show_course.php3?pointer=627
Recommended is : Lewis H. Lapham, "The American Rome: On the Theory of Virtuous Empire," Harper's Magazine (August 2001), on reserve in paper and can be accessed on line through UI library electronic reserve : http://db.lib.uidaho.edu/ereserve/show_course.php3?pointer=627
Shelby Steele, "The Age of White
Guilt" in Harper's Magazine (November 2002)
login.aspx-direct=true&db=aph&an=7530757
Derrick Bell, Faces at the Bottom of the Well: The Permanence of Racism
Tuesday 3 May discussion
Thursday 5 May conclusions
Final exam question handed out on Thursday 5 May and response to be written during exam period (Tuesday 10 May 10 a.m. - 12 p.m.). Books, notes, or written materials can not be consulted when writing your response in class.
Selected Bibliography
International Slave Trade, Slavery,
Emancipation, the Black
John Thornton, Africa and Africans in the
Making of the Atlantic World, 1400-1680
Robin Blackburn, The Making of New World Slavery: From the Baroque to the
Modern, 1492-1800
Robin Blackburn, The Overthrow of Colonial Slavery
Hugh Thomas, The Slave Trade; The Story of the Atlantic Slave Trade: 1440-1870
Barry Unsworth, Sacred Hunger
Charles Johnson, Middle Passage
James Walvin, Black Ivory: A History of British Slavery
Adam Hochschild, Bury the Chains: Prophets and Rebels in the Fight to Free an
Empire's Slaves
Walter Rodney, How Europe Underdeveloped Africa
Stelamaris Coser, Bridging the Americas: The Literature of Paule Marshall, Toni
Morrison, and Gayl Jones
Maria Diedrich et al., Black Imagination and the Middle Passage
Paul Gilroy, The Black Atlantic: Modernity and Double Consciousness
Hilary Beckles and Verene Shepherd, eds.,
Caribbean Slave Society and Economy
Barbara Bush, Slave Women in Caribbean Society, 1650-1838
Franklin W. Knight and Colin Palmer, eds., The Modern Caribbean
Fernando Ortiz, Cuban Counterpoint: Tobacco and Sugar, trans. Harriet De Onis
(Durham: Duke University Press, 1995 [1947])
Miguel Barnet, Biography of a Runaway Slave
Walter Rodney, A History of the Guyanese Working People, 1881-1905
Martin Ros, Night of Fire: The Black Napoleon and the Battle for Haiti, trans.
Karin Ford-Treep
Latin America :
George Reid Andrews, Afro-Latin America, 1800-2000
Brasil :
Robert Edgar Conrad, Children of God's Fire: A
Documentary History of Black Slavery in Brazil
João José Reis, Slave Rebellion in Brazil: The Muslim Uprising of 1835 in
Bahia, trans. Arthur Brakel
Hendrik Kraay, Culture and Politics in Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century Afro-Bahia
Ruth Landes, City of Women
Amelia Simpson, Xuxa: The Mega-Marketing of Gender, Race, and Modernity
Abdias do Nascimento, Brazil: Mixture or Massacre; Essays on the Genocide of a
Black People
Kim D. Butler, Freedoms Given, Freedoms Won: Afro-Brazilians in Post-Abolition São
Paulo and Salvador
Phyllis Galembo, Divine Inspiration: From Benin to Bahia
David J. Hellwig, ed., African-American Reflections on Brazil's Racial Paradise
France Windham Twine, Racism in a Racial Democracy: The Maintenance of White
Supremacy in Brazil
Caetano Veloso, Tropical Truth: A Story of Music and Revolution in Brazil
Christopher Dunn, Brutality Garden: Tropicalia and the Emergence of a Brazilian
Counterculture
US :
John Hope Franklin and Alfred A. Moss, Jr.,
From Slavery to Freedom: A History of African Americans, 8th edition
Robin D.G. Kelley and Earl Lewis, To Make Our World Anew: A History of African
Americans
Darlene Clark Hine et al., The African-American Odyssey
Adam Fairclough, Better Day Coming: Blacks and Equality, 1890-2000
Ira Berlin, Many Thousands Gone: The First Two Centuries of Slavery in North
America
Robert William Fogel, Without Consent or Contract: The Rise and Fall of American
Slavery
Winthrop Jordan, White over Black: American Attitudes Toward the Negro,
1550-1812
W.E.B. Du Bois, Black Reconstruction in America, 1860-1880
Eric Foner, Reconstruction: America's Unfinished Revolution, 1863-1877
C. Peter Ripley, et.al., Witness for Freedom: African American Voices on Race,
Slavery, and Emancipation
William H. Chafe et.al, Remembering Jim Crow: African Americans Tell About Life
in the Segregated South
Paul Goodman, Of One Blood: Abolitionism and the Origins of Racial Equality
Hayward Gallery and University of California Press, Rhapsodies in Black: Art of
the Harlem Renaissance
Willie E. Gary et.al., "Making the Case for Racial Reparations: Does
America owe a debt to the descendants of its slaves," Harper's Magazine,
November 2000, 37-51.
Henry Louis Gates and Nellie Y. McKay, The Norton Anthology of African American
Literature
Donald Spivey, Fire From the Soul: A History of the African-American Struggle
Some web sites of interest
www.yaleslavery.org
http://www.thenation.com/
and type in under search "African American history"
http://www.theatlantic.com/
and type in under seach "African American" or "race" or
"multicultural"
Timothy Charoenying, "Jazz at the Crossroads," The Atlantic, 26 Feb.
2003
http://www.theatlantic.com/unbound/flashbks/jazz.htm
See also the cd rom Encarta Africana
The links below are provided from the cd rom
produced by McGraw-Hill Company entitled "Who Freed the Slaves"
GENERAL OVERVIEW
OF EMANCIPATION AND THE CIVIL WAR
American Civil War
Home Page (University of Tennessee at Knoxville)
http://sunsite.utk.edu/civil-war/
This extensive site links to hundreds of resources, including timelines, images,
letters, accounts and diaries, bibliographies, state studies, specific battles,
and rosters.
American Memory
(Library of Congress)
http://memory.loc.gov/
The American Memory project has a tremendous collection of primary sources on
the Civil War period with a particular emphasis on the African American
experience.
Freedmen and
Southern Society Chronology of Emancipation (Freedmen and Southern Society
Project,
http://www.inform.umd.edu/EdRes/Colleges/ARHU/Depts/History/Freedman/chronol.htm
This site contains a detailed chronology of major events in the history of
Emancipation with linked keywords and events.
SLAVERY AND THE
SLAVE TRADE
The Atlantic Slave
Trade and Slave Life in the
http://gropius.lib.virginia.edu/Slavery/
This site holds multiple digital images depicting slave life and culture before,
during, and after emancipation.
Tangled Roots
(Gilder Lehrman Center for the Study of Slavery, Resistance, and Abolition at
Yale University)
http://www.yale.edu/glc/archive/
The "Tangled Roots" project brings together speeches, legal documents,
letters, interviews, cartoons, articles, and document-based classroom projects
related to the intertwining history of American slaves and immigrants from
Ireland.
AFRICAN AMERICAN
RESISTANCE AND ACTIVISM
The
African-American: A Journey from Slavery to Freedom (
http://www.liu.edu/cwis/cwp/library/aaslavry.htm
Although this site is basic in content, it does provide detailed information
concerning key figures in the process of emancipation. This site also provides a
valuable bibliography for each of its topics and persons of interest.
African American
Odyssey (Library of Congress)
http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/aaohtml/exhibit/aointro.html
This online Library of Congress exhibition showcases books, government
documents, manuscripts, maps, musical scores, plays, films, and recordings on
the history of African Americans and their quest for equality.
African-American
Slave Resistance in
http://www.afro.com/history/slavery/main.html
This site chronicles slave resistance in American history, examining specific
instances of resistance, the role of women in resistance, and a chronology of
slave insurrections and uprisings.
Africans in
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/home.html
PBS's "Africans in
Dred Scott Case
(Washington University Libraries)
http://library.wustl.edu/vlib/dredscott/
A rich exhibit on the Dred Scott case with scans of all primary documents
involved as well as a thorough chronology of the case itself.
The Face of
Slavery and Other Early Images of African Americans (American Museum of
Photography)
http://photographymuseum.com/faceof.html
This site includes only ten photographs of African Americans from 1855 to 1905
but the bulk of them are portraits, unusual for their time.
Freedmen's Bureau
On-Line (The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and
http://freedmensbureau.com/
A private, genealogically-oriented site with a large array of primary documents
relating to the activities of the Freedmen's Bureau.
Photographs of
African-Americans During the Civil War (Library of Congress)
http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/081_cwaf.html
This site lists Library of Congress photograph holdings of African Americans
during the Civil War. Less than half of the listings have actual images online,
but they do provide an important glimpse of captured everyday moments.
The Roanoke Island
Freedmen's Colony (University of Virginia)
http://www.roanokefreedmenscolony.com/
This site presents the history of a Civil War refuge for escaped slaves, through
maps, letters, and project ideas for high school and college students.
Slave Voices (
http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/slavery/
This site contains several documents based on slave narratives recorded by the
Federal Writer's Project in the 1930s.
Valley of the
Shadow (University of Virginia)
http://jefferson.village.virginia.edu/vshadow2/
The premier archive of the Civil War period, this path-breaking site focuses on
two counties (one slave, one free) and provides a nearly exhaustive documentary
and statistical picture of the two communities before and during the Civil War.
ABOLITIONISM
Freedom's Journal
(State Historical Society of
http://www.shsw.wisc.edu/library/aanp/freedom/
Digitized copies of all 103 issues of the Freedom's Journal, the first African
American owned and operated newspaper published in the
Nineteenth-Century
Documents Project (
http://www.furman.edu/~benson/docs/
This site contains a range of nineteenth century documents, such as newspaper
editorials, abolitionist tracts, political speeches, legislative resolutions,
and statistical data. Issues addressed by these sources include slavery and
sectionalism, the Kansas-Nebraska Bill of 1854, the Dred Scott Case, the
election of 1860, the secession of the southern states, and the impact of the
Civil War on the South.
Uncle Tom's Cabin
and American Culture (Institute for Advanced Technologies in the Humanities at
the University of Virginia)
http://www.iath.virginia.edu/utc/
This website features materials relating to Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle
Tom's Cabin, such as the first published edition, audio files of the
hymns presented in the book, anti-slavery and Christian abolitionist texts,
materials on nineteenth century Sentimental Culture, newspaper reviews, articles
and notices, African American and pro-slavery responses to the novel,
adaptations, and an interactive timeline.
Underground
Railroad (National Geographic)
http://www.nationalgeographic.com/features/99/railroad/
This site provides an interactive journey along the fabled Underground Railroad
that ushered some runaway slaves to freedom.
THE SOUTH
Beyond Face Value
(
http://www.lib.lsu.edu/cwc/BeyondFaceValue/
"Beyond Face Value" explores the portrayal of slavery in Confederate
currency, with over 100 digital images of Confederate notes.
Confederate
Broadside Poetry Collection (
http://www.wfu.edu:80/Library/rarebook/broads.html
The collection features poems, pamphlets, and broadsides written by southerners
and Confederate sympathizers during the Civil War.
Documenting the
American South (
http://docsouth.unc.edu/
A collection of over 1,000 manuscripts including slave narratives and southern
literature from the Civil War years. The
WOMEN AND THE WAR
Hearts At Home:
Southern Women and the Civil War (
http://www.lib.virginia.edu/speccol/exhibits/hearts/
This site allows access to an assortment of primary sources that detail the role
of southern women in the Civil War. Many interesting topics, such as women and
spying and women in the labor force, make this site an important resource for
women's history.
Women and the
Civil War (
http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/women/civilwar.html
This site contains a few interesting diaries and letters written by women who
lived during the Civil War. Also, it includes a highly useful links page with
several informative sites concerned with women and the Civil War.
MILITARY AND
POLITICAL
Abraham Lincoln
Papers (Library of Congress)
http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/alhtml/malhome.html
This is the official collection of Lincoln Papers with 61,000 images and 10,000
transcriptions of the nearly 20,000 items in the physical collection.
American Civil War
Research Database (Historical Data Systems, Inc.)
http://www.civilwardata.com/
A fee-based service allowing searches of the two-million-person database of
Confederate and Union Soldiers. Subscriptions are $25 or less.
Civil War Parks
(National Parks Service)
http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/categrs/mili2.htm
The site contains a brief essay and a collection of links to numerous National
Park Civil War battlefields and museums.
Emancipation
Proclamation (National Archives)
http://www.nara.gov/exhall/featured-document/eman/emanproc.html
A special exhibit showing multiple drafts of the Emancipation Proclamation and
an audio clip of a former slave discussing life post-emancipation.
Eye of the Storm
(Simon & Schuster)
http://www.journale.com/eyeofthestorm/main.html
This site features
Historical New
York Times Project (Universal Library at Carnegie Mellon University)
http://www.nyt.ulib.org/index.cgi
The Historical New York Times Project displays New York Times articles on Civil
War topics from 1860 to 1866. The hi-tech imagery allows visitors to browse
through old newspapers online.
Lincoln.net (
http://lincoln.lib.niu.edu/
The premier collection of
The Time of
Lincolns (PBS)
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/lincolns/
A PBS documentary site which provides a virtual slave cabin, information on
women in the war, and the experiences of the average footsoldier.
http://www.cwc.lsu.edu/
A searchable collection of links and documents on the Civil War as well as a
thorough cemetary database.
Virtual Visit: The
Emancipation Proclamation (New York State Library)
http://www.nysl.nysed.gov/library/features/ep/
An excellent display and analysis of the various drafts of the proclamation,
including rare nineteenth century photographs of the final hand written draft of
the proclamation.
Civil War Cartoons
(
http://xroads.virginia.edu/~CAP/SCARTOONS/cartoons.html
With hundreds of illustrations, this site focuses on the impact of political
cartoons on Civil War history.
MATERIAL CULTURE
AND AUDIO/VISUAL RESOURCES
Private Passions,
Public Legacy (University of Virginia Library)
http://www.lib.virginia.edu/exhibits/mellon/
Culled from the estate of Paul Mellon, a prominent philanthropist, this
collection includes a Civil War section with pictures of artifacts such as
playing cards, broadsides, lithographs, and a moving Myriopticon (a toy that
presents Civil War scenes).