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Lecture 8 - Biotransformation

See Lecture Schedule for Delivery Date

Learning Objectives

  1. Explain the role of biotransformation in toxicokinetics.
  2. Describe how biotransformation facilitates the elimination of toxicants or their metabolites from the body.
  3. Distinguish between Phase I and Phase II biotransformation reactions.
  4. Define bioactivation or toxication.
  5. dentify the tissues responsible for biotransformation reactions.
  6. List the factors affecting biotransformation in humans.
  7. Summarize the role of elimination in toxicokinetics.
  8. Describe processes occurring in the kidney, liver, and lung as related to the elimination of toxicants.

LECTURE MATERIALS

Slides

PDF Notes

LECTURE ACTIVITIES

Homework

Discussion

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Advance Reading

  1. Richards, pp 152-157; pp 159-174
  2. NLM Toxicology Tutor Biotransformation
  3. NLM Toxicology Tutor Aldicarb in Watermelons

Resources

Keywords

  • Anabolism
  • Bioactivation
  • Biological half-life (t1/2)
  • Biotransformation
  • Catabolism
  • Conjugate
  • Conjugation reactions
  • Cytochrome p-450
  • Cytosolic enzymes
  • Detoxication
  • Enterohepatic loop
  • Fecal excretion
  • Glomerular filtration
  • Glucuronidation
  • Hydrolysis
  • Intestinal excretion
  • Ionized molecules
  • Metabolism
  • Microsomal enzymes
  • Nephrons
  • Oxidation
  • Phase I biotransformation
  • Phase II biotransformation
  • Reabsorption
  • Reduction
  • Secretion
  • Sulfate conjugation
  • Toxication