Lecture 3 - Concepts of Toxicology
Learning Objectives
- Define toxicity.
- Discuss different types of toxic responses.
- Explain how toxicants are classified.
- Describe the phases of toxicosis.
- Explain how concomitant exposure influences toxicity.
- Develop an introductory understanding of toxicity testing.
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Advance Reading
- Hughes, pp 19-27
- Shibamoto & Bjeldanes, pp 41-52
- NLM Toxicology Tutor, Introduction, Toxic Effects, Interactions, and Toxicity Testing Methods
Suggested Reading
- Foundation for Biomedical Research
- Alternatives to Animal Testing
- Americans for Medical Progress Foundation
- People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals
- Shibamoto & Bjeldanes, pp 33-41
Resources
Keywords
- Absorption
- Acute toxicity
- Biotransformation
- Chronic toxicity
- Delayed toxicity
- Distribution
- Excretion, elimination
- End effect
- Immediate toxicity
- in vitro
- in vivo
- Linear dose sequence
- Local toxicity
- Logarithmic dose sequence
- Storage
- Systemic toxicity
- Toxicity testing
- Toxicodynamics
- Toxicokinetics
Suggested Exercise
- Go to the Protein Data Bank (PDB) site and view human fetal Hemoglobin and bar-headed goose Hemoglobin. PDB is the single worldwide repository for the processing and distribution of 3-D biological macromolecular structure data.
- Use the structure screen tools and your mouse to explore the inner working and structure of this complex compound.
- What do you notice about the "active site" in both molecules?
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