Functional Explanation for Technical Artifacts

Jeroen de Ridder
Delft University of Technology

 

Full Paper

In this paper, I set out to develop an account of functional explanation that can be used to explain functions of technical artifacts. I start with a discussion of Ernest Nagel’s account of functional explanation and argue that, although it can answer some explanatory questions concerning functions, it does not provide insight in another interesting type of explanatory questions about functions; how-questions. I then discuss Robert Cummins’s account of functional explanation, which can deal with such questions, and show that it may be extended to include the fact that artifact functions are explained by both dispositional and categorical properties. The final step is to confront my extended version of Cummins’s account with an empirical example of artifact explanation: Thomas Edison’s patent of the first practicable electric lamp. This will give rise to a further refinement of the account.