Publications of Jim C. P. Liou, PhD, P.E.
Refereed Papers
in Technical Journals
Li, G, and Liou, C. P., “Swing Check
Valve Characterization and Modeling During Transients,” Journal of Fluids
Engineering, American Society of
Mechanical Engineers, Vol. 125, No. 6, November 2003, pp. 1043- 1050.
Liou, C. P., “Numerical Properties of the Discrete Gas Cavity Model for Transients,” Journal of Fluids Engineering, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Vol. 122, No. 3, September 2000, pp. 636- 639.
Liou, C. P., "Pipeline Leak Detection by Impulse Response Extraction," Journal of Fluids Engineering, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Vol. 120, No. 4, December 1998, pp. 833-838.
Liou, C.P., "Limitations and Proper Use of the Hazen-Williams Equation," Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 124, No. 9, September 1998, pp.951-954.
Liou, C.P., and Hunt, W.A. Closure to Discussions on "Filling of Pipelines with Undulating Elevation Profiles," Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 123, No. 12, December,1997, pp. 1173-1174.
Liou, C.P., and Hunt, W.A. "Filling of Pipelines with Undulating Elevation Profiles," Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 122, No. 10, October 1996, pp. 534-539.
Liou, C.P., and Tian, J. "Leak Detection - A Transient Flow Simulation Approach," Journal of Energy Resources Technology, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Vol. 117, No. 3, September1995, pp. 243-248.
Elger, D.F., Taylor, S.J., and Liou, C.P. "Recirculation in an Annular-Type Jet Pump," Journal of Fluids Engineering, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Vol. 116, No. 4, December 1994, pp. 735-740.
Liou, C.P. "Mass Imbalance Error of Waterhammer Equations and Leak Detection," Journal of Fluids Engineering, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Vol. 116, No. 1, March 1994, pp. 103-109.
Boulos, P.F., Altman, T., and Liou, C.P. "On the Solvability of Water Distribution Networks with Unknown Pipe Characteristics," Journal of Applied Mathematical Modeling, Vol. 17, July 1993, pp. 380-387.
Liou, C.P., and Ferrick, M.G. "A Model for Vertical Frazil Distribution," Water Resources Research, American Geophysical Union, Vol. 28, No. 5, May 1992, pp. 1329-1337.
Liou, C.P. "Maximum Pressure Head Due to Linear Valve Closure," Journal of Fluids Engineering, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Vol. 113, No. 4, December 1991, pp. 643-647.
Kroon, J.R., and Liou, C.P. Discussion on "Modeling Distribution-System Water Quality: Dynamic Approach," Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 116, No. 1, January/February 1990, pp. 148-149.
Liou, C.P., and Kroon, J.R. "Propagation of Waterborne Substances in Distribution Networks," Journal of the American Water Works Association, Vol. 79, No. 11, November 1987, pp. 54-58.
Liou, C.P. Closure to discussions on "Acoustic Wave Speeds for Slurries in Pipelines," Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 112, No. 10, October 1986, p. 1001.
Liou, C.P., and Wylie, E.B. "One Dimensional Gas Flow with Internal Heating," Journal of Fluids Engineering, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Vol. 106, No. 4, December 1984, pp. 448-451.
Liou, C.P. "Acoustic Wave Speeds for Slurries in Pipelines," Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 110,No. 7, Paper No. 18999, July 1984, pp. 945-957.
Liou, C.P., Streeter, V.L., and Richart, F.E., Jr. "A Numerical Model for Liquefaction," Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 103, No. GT 6, Proc. Paper 12998,June 1977, pp. 589-606.
Refereed Papers in Conference Proceedings
Liou, C. P., Parks, D. L., Schultz, R. R., and
Williams, B. G., 2005, “Stratified Flows in Horizontal Piping of Passive
Emergency Core Cooling Systems,” Proceedings of the thirteenth
International Conference on Nuclear Engineering, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Societe
Francaise DiEnergie Nucleaire, and Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, Beijing, China, May 16-20.
Liou, C. P., Schultz, R. R., and Stephens, A. G.,
2004, “Stratified Flow Experiments Pertaining to Advanced LWR Reactor
Passive Safety System Designs,” Proceedings ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure
Vessels & Piping Conference, San Diego, California, July 25-29.
Liou, C. P., and Li, G., 2004, “Provoost’s Dynamic Characteristic of Check Valves
Revisited, Ninth International Conference on Pressure Surges, BHR Group,
Chester, England, March 24-26.
Liou, C. P., and Li, G., “Transient
Pressure Measurements by Recess-Mounted Transducers,” FEDSM03-45252, Fourth
ASME/JSME Joint Fluids Engineering Conference,
Li, G., and Liou, C. P.,
“Swing Check Valve Modeling and Modeling During Transients,
FEDSM03-45254, 4th ASME/JSME Joint Fluids Engineering Conference,
Adachi, M., Liou, C. P., Schultz, R. R., Aya, I., Shiozaki, K., and Yoshie, S., “Transients of One-Dimensional and
Two-Component Flow Due to Rapid Gas Production,” Proceedings of the Ninth
International Conference on Nuclear Engineering, American Society of Mechanical
Engineers, Societe Francaise
DiEnergie Nucleaire, and
Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, Nice, France, May 25-29, 2001.
Mecham, T., Stanley, G., Liou,
C. P., and Pelletier, M., “High Speed Data Communication and High Speed
Leak Detection Models: Impact of Thermodynamic Properties for Heated Crude Oil
in Large Diameter, Insulated Pipelines – Application of Pacific Pipeline
System,” Proceedings of the 2000 International Pipeline Conference, Vol.
2, pp.1121 – 1130. ASME International,
Guinot, V., and Liou, C.
P., “Variable Wave Speed Transients Computed by Godunov-Type
Schemes,” Eighth International Conference on Pressure Surges – Safe
Design and Operation of Industrial Pipe Systems, BHR Group Conference Series
no. 39, pp. 241-246.
Liou, C. P., “Numerical Properties of the
Discrete Gas Cavity Model for Transients,” Internal Water Hammer
Symposium, Third ASME/JSME Joint Fluid Engineering Conference, American Society
of Mechanical Engineers, San Francisco, California, July 18-22, 1999.
Liou, C.P. "Physical Basis of
Software-Based Leak Detection Methods," Proceedings of the 1998
International Pipeline Conference, American Society of Mechanical Engineers,
Vol. 2, pp. 851 - 857, June 11-17, 1998, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Liou, C.P. "Dynamics of Spring-Loaded Swing Check Valves," Pipeline Engineering and Operation Symposium, Proceedings of the 1998 ASME Energy Sources Technology Conference ETCE'98, Paper ETCE98-4702 on CD-ROM, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, February, 1998, Houston, Texas.
Liou, C.P., Schultz, R.R., and Kukita, K. "Stratified Flows in Closed Conduits," Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Nuclear Engineering, Paper ICONES-2024 on CD-ROM, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Societe Francaise DiEnergie Nucleaire, and Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, Nice, France, May 25-29, 1997.
Kellum, B.G., and Liou, C.P. "Check Valve Modeling Using Artificial Neural Networks," Pipelines, Terminals, and Storage Symposium, Book II,pp. 60-66, 1997 Energy Week Conference and Exhibition, American Petroleum Institute and ASME International, January 28-30, 1997.
Liou, C.P. "Pipeline Integrity Monitoring Using System Impulse Response," Proceedings of 1996 Inter- national Pipeline Conference, Vol.2, pp. 1137-1142, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Calgary, Canada, June 9-14, 1996.
Liou, C.P. "Leak Detectability of the Norman Wells Pipeline by Mass Balance," Pipelines, Terminals and Storage Symposium, Book II, pp.15-19, 1996 Energy Week Conference and Exhibition by American Petroleum Institute and ASME International, Houston, Texas, January 29-February 2,1996.
Schultz, R.R., and Liou, C.P. "Investigation of Effects of Noncondensible Gases on Reflux Condensation," FED-Vol. 204, pp. 89-95, The 1994 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Chicago, Illinois, November 6-11, 1994.
Liou, C.P., and Hunt, W.A. "Filling of
Pipelines with Undulating Profiles," Proceedings of the International
Conference on Hydraulics of Pipelines, pp. 104-118, American Society of Civil
Engineers, Phoenix, Arizona, June 1994.
Liou, C.P., and Tian,
J. "Leak Detection: A Transient Flow Simulation
Approach," Proceedings of the Pipeline Engineering Symposium, pp. 51-58,
PD-Vol. 60, The 1994 Energy-Sources Technology
Conference, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New Orleans, Louisiana,
January 1994.
Liou, C.P. "Pipeline Leak Detection Based on Mass Balance," Proceedings of the International Conference on Pipeline Infrastructure II, pp. 175-188, American Society of Civil Engineers, San Antonio, Texas, August 1993.
Liou, C.P. "Adequacy of Water Hammer Equations for Leak Detection in Petroleum Products Pipelines," Proceedings of the International Conference on Unsteady Flow and Fluid Transients, pp. 355-364, HR Wallingford (UK)and International Association for Hydraulic Research, Durham, England, September 1992.
Liou, C.P., and Ferrick, M.G. "A Conceptual Model for Vertical Frazil Distribution in Turbulent Flows," Proceedings of the Sixth International Cold Regions Engineering Specialty Conference, pp. 336-347, American Society of Civil Engineers, Hanover, New Hampshire, February 1991.
Liou, C.P. "Maximum Pressure Head Due to Valve Closure," Power Plant Transients - 1990, FED - Vol. 104, pp. 37-43, Second International Symposium on Power Plant Transients, American Society of Mechanical Engineers,1990 Winter Annual Meeting, Dallas, Texas, November 1990.
Liou, C.P. "Pipeline
Leak Detection and Location," Proceedings of the International Conference
on Pipeline Design and Installation, pp.255-269, American Society of Civil
Engineers,
Liou, C.P. "Transients in Pipelines Carrying Dissimilar Gases," Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Freight Pipelines, pp. 381-386, H. Liu and G.F. Round (editors), Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, 1990.
Liou, C.P. "Calculations of Transients
in Batched Pipelines," Paper A2, pp. 13-25, Fourth International
Conference on Pressure Surges, British Hydromechanics Research Association Fluids
Engineering,
Liou, C.P., and Wylie, E.B. "One Dimensional Gas Flow with Internal Heating," Numerical Methods for Fluid Transient Analysis, FED-Vol. 4, pp. 29-32, Applied Mechanics, Bioengineering, and Fluid Engineering Conference, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Houston, Texas, June 1983.
Liou, C.P. "A Numerical Model for Transients in Petroleum Products Pipelines," Numerical Methods for Fluid Transient Analysis, FED-Vol. 4,pp. 61-66, Applied Mechanics, Bioengineering, and Fluids Engineering Conference, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Houston, Texas, June 1983.
Liou, C.P., Streeter, V.L., and Richart, F.E., Jr. "A Numerical Model for
Liquefaction," Specialty Session on Liquefaction Problems in Geotechnical
Engineering, pp. 313-341, American Society of Civil EngineersNational
Convention,
Papers in ConferenceProceedings
von Lindern,
von Braun, M., von Lindern,
Liou, C.P. "Leak Detection and Location by Transient Flow Simulations," Proceedings of the 1991 API Pipeline Conference, pp. 268-281, American Petroleum Institute, Dallas, Texas, April 1991.
Hinthorn, R.T., and Liou, C.P. "Water Supply Network Modeling for Infrastructure Management," Proceedings of the Eighteenth Annual Conference on Water Resources Planning and Management, pp. 959-963, American Society of Civil Engineers, New Orleans, Louisiana, May 1991.
Hinthorn, R.T., and Liou, C.P. "Network Modeling in a Water System with Ferrous Deposits," Proceeding of the Eighteenth Annual Conference on Water Resources Planning and Management, pp. 944-948, American Society of Civil Engineers, New Orleans, Louisiana, May 1991.
Liou,
C.P., and Kroon, J.R. "Propagation
and Distribution of Waterborne Substances in Networks," Proceedings of the
1986 Distribution System Symposium of American Waterworks Association,
Liou, C.P., and Papadakis,
C.N. "Makeup and Blowdown of a Cooling
Pond," Proceedings of the 1985 Hydraulics Specialty Conference of American
Society of Civil Engineers,
Kroon, J.R., Liou, C.P., and Dinkel, R.S. "Computer Aided Hydraulic Design of Pipelines," Proceedings of the 1984 Hydraulics Specialty Conference of American Society of Civil Engineers, Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, August 1984.
Hunt, W.A., and Liou,
C.P. "Transient Analysis: A Design Tool for Slurry
Pipelines," Proceedings of the Ninth International Technical Conference on
Slurry Transportation,
Liou, C.P., Richwine,
T.E., and Moreland, G.T. "Hydraulic Transients in Liquid
Pipelines," Pipeline Hydraulics Short Course, Petroleum Conference and
Workshop, American Society of Mechanical Engineers,
Liou, C.P., and Wylie, E.B. "Characteristics Method for Pressure Waves in Saturated Soils," Proceedings, 2nd Annual Engineering Mechanics Division Specialty Conference, pp. 369-372, American Society of Civil Engineers, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, May 1977.
Invited Presentations and Papers
Liou, C. P., “Modeling LNG
Column Separation Transients Using Mixture Phase Equilibrium Thermodynamics,”
ESEP-21 Seminar Series, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann
Arbor, Michigan, September 24, 2004.
Liou, C.P. "Real-Time Pipe Integrity
Monitoring Research Needs," Proceedings of the Workshop on Pipeline
Research Needs, pp. 41-42, American Society of Civil Engineers,
Liou, C.P. "Theoretical Leak Detection Limits," Workshop on Computational Pipeline Monitoring, sponsored by American Petroleum Institute and the U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Office of Pipeline Safety, Houston, Texas, October 21, 1997.
Liou, C.P. "Pipeline Leak Detection," in Fluid Transient Analysis - an annual summer short course held by the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, July 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997.
Liou, C.P. "Leak Detection by Mass Balance Effective for Norman Wells Line," Oil and Gas Journal, Vol. 94, No. 17, 1996, pp. 69-74, PennWell Publishing Company (an invited editorial article .)
Liou, C.P. "ASCE Workshop on Pipeline Research Needs," Member of Panel on Pipeline Safety and Protection, American Society of Civil Engineers, Leesburg, Virginia, March 1996.
Liou, C.P. "Effect of Data Noise on
Leak Detectability," Panel on Unanswered
Questions in Fluid Transients, The 1994 International Mechanical Engineering
Congress and Exposition, American Society of Mechanical Engineers,
Liou, C.P., and Tian, J. "A Comparison of Two Transient-Based Leak Detection Algorithms," FED-Vol. 198 and PVP-Vol. 291, pp. 35-37, The1994 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Chicago, Illinois, November 6-11, 1994.
"Stably Stratified Flows in Closed Conduits and Their Applications toROSA-AP600 Experimental Data," for United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, Division of Systems Technology, Reactor and Plant Systems Branch, 46 pages (R.R. Schultz, co-author), January1997.
"Transients of Pump Startups Against Partially
Opened Discharge Valves," for Colonial Pipeline Company,
"Detailed Hydraulic Transients in Booster Pump Stations," for
Colonial Pipeline Company,
"RELAP5/MOD3 Code Assessment Analyses Based on the ROSA-AP600 ProgramAP-CL-05 and CP-CL-06 Rest Data - A Draft for Review" (co-authors: R.R. Schultz, Byron Hansen, Craig M. Kullberg, C.P. Liou, G.E. McCreery, Nick Nuwman, and John Westacott). An Idaho National Engineering Laboratory report prepared for United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, Division of Systems Technology, Reactor and Plant Systems Branch, 173 pages, March 1996.
"Dynamics of Spring-Loaded Swing Check Valves," for Colonial
Pipeline Company,
"Dynamics of a Booster Pump Station with Check Valves," for
Colonial Pipeline Company,
"Solute Travel Time in the Vadose Zone Under
RWMC at INEL," for the INEL Oversight Program, Department of Health and
Welfare, State of
"Real-Time Monitoring of Natural Gas Pipelines - A
Feasibility Study," for Gas Research Institute,
"Modeling of Transport in the Vadose Zone," for the INEL Oversight Program, Department of Health and Welfare, State of Idaho, 27 pages, May 1994.
"Pipeline Variable Uncertainties and Their Effects on Leak Detectability," API Publication 1149, American Petroleum Institute, Washington, D.C., 118 pages, November 1993 (The Research and Special Programs Administration of the US Department of Transportation published a notice of Proposed Rule making on Pipeline Safety: Incorporation by Reference of Industry Standard on Leak Detection (Federal Register, October 29, 1997, Vol. 62,No. 209, pp. 56141-56145). The Industry Standard is API-1130. API-1149 provides the theoretical basis for API-1130 and is referenced by API-1130. Since its publication in 1993, API-1149 has been used by many pipeline companies.)
"A Model for Vertical Frazil Distribution" (with Ferrick, M.G.), CRREL Report 92-4, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 14 pages, April 1992.
"ICAP report reviews on 1) hydrodynamic loads on PWR safety and relief valve discharge piping, 2) PWR ECC bypass and ECC downcomer penetration,3) countercurrent flow in PER hot leg during reflux condensation, and 4)two-phase flow and critical heat flux," for Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho Falls, 57 pages, October 1991.
"Bayview Sewer
Project: Water Hammer Analysis Summary Report," for Welch, Comer
& Associates, Inc.,
"Transients in Pipelines Carrying Dissimilar Gases," for the
Research Council of the
"Monitoring Pipeline Integrity by Real Time Flow Simulations," for the Engineering Foundation, New York, New York, 72 pages, August 1988.
"Vertical Frazil Distribution in Turbulent Flows," for U.S. Army Research Office and U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, New Hampshire, 44 pages, September 1987.
"Hydraulic Transient Analysis of the Memphis International Airport
Hydrant Fueling System," for Burns & McDonnell Engineering Co.,
"Effective Valve Closure and the Relationship Between
Pressure Rise and Closure Time," for EXXON Research and Engineering
Company,
"Hydraulic Transients in the Wellhead Subsystem of the Great Man Made River
Project of Libya," for Brown & Root (Overseas) Ltd.,
"Safe Minimum Closure Time of a 72-Inch Gate Valve Subsequent to Line Break - WSSC Project 80 Pipelines," for Whitman, Requardt and Associates, Baltimore, Maryland, 12 pages, August 1984.
"Hydraulic Transient Study: Pine Grove Hydroelectric Station," for Gannett Fleming Water Resources Engineers, Inc., Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, 28 pages, May 1984.
"Waterhammer Study for the Circulating Water
System of the ABU Sultan(
"FCWA Potomac Treatment Plant Finished Water Pumping Station and Transmission Mains - Surge Test," for Greeley and Hansen Engineers, Chicago, Illinois, 19 pages, December 1983.
"Hydraulic Oscillations in the Feed Water System of RINGHALS Unit 3Power Plant - A Preliminary Study," for TECHPRO AS, Norway, 12 pages, July1983.
"A Check Valve Vibration Investigation for Stemmers Run Pumping Station of Baltimore County, Maryland," for Whitman, Requardt and Associates, Baltimore, Maryland, 19 pages, February 1983.
"Hydraulic Resonance in Bridge Pipes Across
Genesee River, Rochester Combined Sewer Overflow Abatement Program," for
Erdman, Anthony, and Associates,
"Gas Thermal Transients Analysis for STATOIL Project," for Brown
and Root (U.K.) Limited,
"Waterhammer Pressure
Relief Study, New Potomac River Water Treatment Plant and Pipeline of
FCWA," for Greeley and Hansen Engineers,
"Waterhammer Study of New Potomac River Water Treatment Plant and Pipeline of Fairfax County Water Authority," for Greeley and Hansen Engineers, Chicago, Illinois, 15 pages, May 1982.
"A Hydraulic Model for Dynamic Leak Detection on Sarnia Petroleum Products Pipeline," for Sentrol Control Systems Limited of Canada, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, 43 pages, May 1981.
"Analysis of Hydraulic Transients Due to Removal of Offshore MOV Interlocks of LNG Unloading Terminal at Cove Point, Maryland," for Columbia LNG Corporation, Wilmington, Delaware, 52 pages, November 1980.
"A Waterhammer Study for an Irrigation System
of Paterson Power and Water District," for James W. Uhler
& Associates,
"Hydraulic Transients in the Liquified
Natural Gas Unloading Terminal at
"Colchester Force Main Waterhammer Analysis," for Cahn Engineers, Inc., Wallingford, Connecticut, 32 pages, July 1979.
"Midland Plant Cooling Pond Operation Study," for Consumers Power Company, Jackson, Michigan, 56 pages, March 1979.
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