Adataption

Abrams, M. D., M. E. Kubiske, and K. C. Steiner. 1990. Drought adaptations and responses in five genotypes of Fraxinus Pennsylvanica Marsh photosynthesis, water relations and leaf morphology. Tree Physiology 6:305-315.

Alscher, R. G., and J. R. Cumming. 1990. Stress responses in plants: Adaptation and acclimation mechanisms. John Wiley & Sons, New York, New York, U.S.A.

Anderson, W. K., R. C. G. Smith, and J. R. McWilliam. 1978. A systems approach to the adaptation of sunflower to new environments. II. Effects of temperature and radiation on growth and yield. Field Crops Research 1:153-163.

Anderson, W. K., R. C. G. Smith, and J. R. McWilliam. 1978. A systems approach to the adaptation of sunflower to new environments. I. Phenology and development. Field Crops Research 1:141-152.

Andrews, M., R. Box, S. McInroy, and J. A. Raven. 1984. Growth of Chara hispida. II. Shade adaptation. Journal of Ecology 72:885-895.

Aronson, J., J. Kigel, A. Shmida, and J. Klein. 1992. Adaptive phenology of desert and Mediterranean populations of annual plants grown with and without water stress. Oecologia 89:17-.

Barnes, P. W. 1985. Adaptation to water stress in the big bluestem-sand bluestem complex. Ecology 66:1908-1920.

Björkman, O. 1968. Carboxydismutase activity in shade-adapted and sun-adapted species of higher plants. Physiologia Plantarum 21:1-10.

Borchert, R., and N. A. Slade. 1981. Bifurcation ratios and the adaptive geometry of trees. Botanical Gazette 142:394-401.

Brandon, R. N. 1990. Adaptation and environment. Princeton University Press. Princeton, New Jersey, USA.

Brehm, B. G., and D. Krell. 1975. Flavonoid localization in epidermal papillae of flower petals: a specialized adaptation for ultraviolet absorption. Science 190:1221-1223.

Brouillet, L., and J. -P. Simon. 1980. Adaptation and acclimation of higher plants at the enzyme level: thermal properties of NAD malate dehydrogenase of two species of Aster (Asteraceae) and their hybrid adapted to contrasting habitats. Canadian Journal of Botany 58:1474-1481.

Brown, R. H. 1978. A difference in N efficiency in C3 and C4 plants and its implications in adaptation and evolution. Crop Science 18:93-98.

Caldwell, M. M. 1972. Adaptability and productivity of species possessing C3 and C4 photosynthesis in a cool desert environment. Pages 27-30 in USSR Academy of Sciences, Eco-physiological foundation of ecosystems productivity in arid zone. International Symposium, USSR. Nauka, Leningrad, USSR.

Calow, P. 1987. Evolutionary physiological ecology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England.

Casal, J. J., and H. Smith. 1989. The function, action and adaptive significance of phytochrome in light-grown plants: opinion. Plant, Cell and Environment 12:855-862.

Clough, J. M., J. A. Teeri, and R.S. Alberte. 1979. Photosynthetic adaptation of Solanum dulcamara L. to sun and shade environments. I. A comparison of sun and shade populations. Oecologia 38:13-21.

Clough, J. M., J. A. Teeri, and S. J. Tonsor. 1983. Photosynthetic adaptation of Solanum-dulcamara L. to sun and shade environments. 4. A comparison of North American and European genotypes. Oecologia 60:348-352.

Coughenour, M. B., S. J. McNaughton, and L. L. Wallace. 1985. Responses of an African graminoid (Themeda triandra Forsk.) to frequent defoliation, nitrogen, and water: A limit of adaptation to herbivory. Oecologia 68:105-110.

Deal, D. L., and J. C. Raulston. 1989. Plant high night temperature tolerance zones: describing and predicting summer night temperature patterns and the southern limits of plant adaptation. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 46:211-226.

Dean, J. M., and A. P. Smith. 1978. Behavioral and morphological adaptations of a tropical plant to high rainfall. Biotropica 10:152-154.

Dibble, M. S., and G. G. Spomer. 1987. Cell water potential components in the adaptation of Pseudoroegneria spicata (Pursh) A. Love to various habitat moisture conditions. Botanical Gazette 148:73-78.

Doaigey, A. R., H. A. Gawad, A. E. M. Meligy, and M. G. A. El-Fattah. 1989. Adaptive anatomical and histological characters of the leaf and stem of three desert species of Capparis. Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research, Agricultural and Biological Sciences 7:53-67.

Doliner, L. H., and P. A. Jolliffe. 1979. Ecological evidence concerning the adaptive significance of the C4 dicarboxylic acid pathway of photosynthesis. Oecologia 38:23-34.

Dudley, E. C. 1978. Adaptive radiation in the Melastomataceae along an altitudinal gradient in Peru. Biotropica 10:134-143.

Ehleringer, J. R., and H. A. Mooney. 1978. Leaf hairs: effects on physiological activity and adaptive value to a desert shrub. Oecologia 37:183-200.

Ellner, S. and A. Shmida. 1981. Why are adaptations for long-range seed dispersal rare in desert plants? Oecologia 51:133-144.

Ernst, W. H. O. 1983. Ecological adaptation strategies to soil factors. Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft 96:49-71.

Foster, S. A. 1986. On the adaptive value of large seeds for tropical moist forest trees: A review and synthesis. Botanical Review 52:260-299.

Friend, D. J. C. 1975. Adaptation and adjustment of photosynthetic characteristics of gametophytes and sporophytes of Hawaiian tree-fern (Cibotium glaucum) grown at different irradiances. Photosynthetica 9:157-164.

Gale, J., and M. Zeroni. 1985. The cost to plants of different strategies of adaptation to stress and the alleviation of stress by increasing assimilation. Plant and Soil 89:57.

Givnish, T. J., W.R. Buck, and R.W. McDiarmid. 1986. Fire adaptation in Neblinaria celiae (Theaceae), a high-elevation rosette shrub endemic to a wet equatorial tepui. Oecologia 70:481-485.

Goodman, P. J. 1973. Physiological and ecotropic adaptations of plants to salt desert conditions in Utah. Journal of Ecology 61:473-494.

Grant, V. 1963. The origin of adaptations. Columbia University Press, New York, New York, USA.

Hanninen, H., R. Hakkinen, P. Hari, and V. Koski. 1990. Timing of growth cessation in relation to climatic adaptation of northern woody plants. Tree Physiology 6:29-39.

Hariri, M., and J. Brangeon. 1977. Light-induced adaptive responses under greenhouse conditions in the fern Pteris cretica var. ouvrardii. I. Structural and infrastructural features. Physiologia Plantarum 41:280-288.

Hariri, M., and J. L. Prioul. 1978. Light-induced adaptive responses under greenhouse and controlled conditions in the fern Pteris cretica var. ouvrardii. II. Photosynthetic capacities. Physiologia Plantarum 42:97-102.

Heilman, M. D., C. L. Gonzalez, W. A. Swanson, and W. J. Rippert. 1968. Adaptation of a linear transducer for measuring leaf thickness. Agronomy Journal 60:578-579.

Hochachka, P. W., and G. N. Somero. 1973. Strategies of biochemical adaptation. Saunders, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

Hodgkinson, K. C., and O. B. Williams. 1983. Adaptation to grazing in forage plants. Pages 85-100 in J.G. McIvor and R.A. Bray, editors. Genetic resources of forage plants. CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia.

Horn, H. S. 1971. The adaptive geometry of trees. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.

Jackson, P. A., and G. G. Spomer. 1979. Biophysical adaptations of four western conifers to habitat water conditions. Botanical Gazette 140:428-432.

Kappen, L. 1983. Adaptations of plants to cold, extreme environments. Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft 96:87-101.

Kessell, S. R. 1979. Adaptation and dimorphisn in eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. The American Naturalist 113:333-350.

Kruckeberg, A. R. 1986. The birth and spread of a plant population. The American Midland Naturalist 116:403-410.

Lausi, D., and P. L. Nimis. 1986. Leaf and canopy adaptations in a high-elevation desert on Tenerife, Canary Islands. Vegetatio 68:19-31.

Lausi, D., P. L. Nimis, and M. Tretiach. 1989. Adaptive leaf structures in a Myrica erica stand on Tenerife (Canary Islands). Vegetatio 79:133-142.

Lei, T. T., and M. J. Lechowicz. 1990. Shade adaptation and shade tolerance in saplings of three Acer species from eastern North America. Oecologia 84:224-228.

Lerner, H. R. 1985. Adaptation to salinity at the plant cell level. Plant and Soil 89:3-14.

Loehle, C. and R. H. Jones. 1990. Adaptive significance of root grafting in trees. Functional Ecology 4:268-271.

McGraw, J. B., and F. S. Chapin, III. 1989. Competitive ability and adaptation to fertile and infertile soils in two Eriophorum species. Ecology 70:736-.

McMillen, G. G., and J. H. Clendon. 1979. Leaf angle an adaptive feature of sun and shade leaves. Botanical Gazette 140:437-442.

Mishio, M. 1992. Adaptations to drought in five woody species co-occurring on shallow-soil ridges. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 19:539-.

Monson, R. K., and G. J. Williams, III. 1982. A correlation between photosynthetic temperature adaptation and seasonal phenology patterns in the shortgrass prairie. Oecologia 54:58-62.

Nilsen, J. 1985. Light climate in northern areas. Pages 62-72 in Åse Kaurin, O. Junttilla, and J. Nilsen, editors. Plant production in the North. Norwegian University Press, Oslo, Norway.

Oya, V. M., and A. Kh Laisk. 1976. Adaptation of the photosynthesis apparatus to the light profile in the leaf. Fiziologiya Rastenii 23:445-451.

Parton, W. J., and J. S. Singh. 1984. Adapting a biomass simulation model to a tropical grassland. Ecological Modelling 23:151-163.

Pearson, C. J., D. G. Bishop, and M. Vesk. 1977. Thermal adaptation of Pennisetum: leaf structure and composition. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 4:541-554.

Pitt, M. D., and B. M. Wikeem. 1990. Phenological patterns and adaptations in an Artemisia/Agropryon plant community. Journal of Range Management 43:350-358.

Prosser, C. Ladd. 1967. Molecular mechanisms of temperature adaptation. American Association for the Advancement of Sciences, Washington, DC, USA.

Reginato, R. J., S. B. Idso, and R. D. Jackson. 1978. Estimating forage crop production: a technique adaptable to remote sensing. Remote Sensing of Environment 7:77-80.

Rehfeldt, G. E. 1989. Ecological adaptation in Douglas-fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca): a synthesis. Forest Ecology and Management 28:203-215.

Richards, A. J. 1986. Plant breeding systems. George Allen & Unwin, London, England.

Roy, J., and H. A. Mooney. 1982. Physiological adaptation and plasticity to water stress of coastal and desert populations of Heliotropium curassavicium L. Oecologia 52:370-375.

Schinner, F., and G. Gstraunthaler. 1981. Adaptation of microbial activities to the environmental conditions in alpine soils. Oecologia 50:113-116.

Schlessman, M. A. 1986. Interpretation of evidence for gender choice in plants. American Naturalist 128:416-420.

Seemann, J. R. 1989. Light adaptation/acclimation of photosynthesis and the regulation of ribulose-1,5-biphosphate carboxylase activity in sun and shade plants. Plant Physiology 91:379-386.

Simon, J.-P., C. Charest, and M.-J. Peloquin. 1986. Adaptation and acclimation of higher plants at the enzyme level: Kinetic properties of NAD malate dehydrogenase in three species of Viola . Journal of Ecology 74:19-32.

Simon, J.-P. 1979. Adaptation and acclimation of higher plants at the enzyme level: speed of acclimation for apparent energy of activation of NAD malate dehydrogenase in Lathyrus japonicus Willd. (Leguminosae). Plant, Cell and Environment 2:35-38.

Simon, J.-P. 1979. Adaptation and acclimation of higher plants at the enzyme level: temperature-dependent substrate binding ability of NAD malate dehydrogenase in four populations of Lathyrus japonicus Willd. (Leguminosae). Plant Science Letters 14:113-120.

Simon, J.-P. 1979. Adaptation and acclimation of higher plants at the enzyme level: latitudinal variations of thermal properties of NAD malate dehydrogenase in Lathyrus japonicus Willd. (Leguminosae). Oecologia 39:273-287.

Simon, J.-P., C. Charest, and M. J. Peloquin. 1985. Thermal adaptation and acclimation of higher plants at the enzyme level: thermostability of NAD malate dehydrogenase in three species of Viola. The Journal of Ecology 73:397-406.

Smith, R. C. G., W. K. Anderson, and H. C. Harris. 1978. A systems approach to the adaptation of sunflower to new environments. III. Yield predictions for continental Australia. Field Crops Research 1:215-228.

Smith, R. C. G., S. D. English, and H. C. Harris. 1978. A systems approach to the adaptation of sunflower to new environments. IV. Yield variability and optimum cropping strategies. Field Crop Research 1:229-242.

Smith, W. K., and T. M. McClean. 1989. Adaptive relationship between leaf water repellency, stomatal distribution, and gas exchange. American Journal of Botany 76:465-469.

Stamp, P. 1987. Seedling development of adapted and exotic maize genotypes at severe chilling stress. Journal of Experimental Botany 38:1336-1342.

Timmermann, B. N., C. Steelink, and F. A. Loewus. 1984. Phytochemical adaptations to stress. Plenum, New York, New York, USA.

Turner, N. C. 1986. Adaptation to water deficits: A changing perspective. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 13:175.

Warwick, S. I., and D. Briggs. 1980. The genecology of lawn weeds. V. The adaptive significance of different growth habit in lawn and roadside populations of Plantago major L. New Phytologist 85:289-300.

Warwick, S. I., and D. Briggs. 1980. The genecology of lawn weeds. IV. Adaptive significance of variation in Bellis perennis L. as revealed in a transplant experiment. New Phytologist 85:275-288.

Weidner, M., and G. Combrink. 1979. Phenological temperature adaptation of protein synthesis in wheat seedlings. Plant Physiology 64:144-149.

Wild, A. 1979. Physiology of photosynthesis in higher plants. The adaptation to light intensity and light quality. Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gessellschaft 92:341-364.

Woolhouse, H. W. 1978. Light-gathering and carbon assimilation processes in photosynthesis; their adaptive modifications and significance for agriculture. Endeavour 2:35-46.

Yakir, D., J. Rudich, and B.-A. Bravdo. 1986. Adaptation to chilling: photosynthetic characteristics of the cultivated tomato and a high altitude wild species. Plant, Cell and Environment 9:477-484.

Yun, J. I., and S. E. Taylor. 1986. Adaptive implications of leaf thickness for sun- and shade-grown Abutilon theophrasti . Ecology 67:1314-1318.