Carbon balance
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Acock, B., D. A. Charles-Edwards, and S. Sawyer. 1979. Growth response of a Chrysanthemum crop to the environment. III. Effects of radiation and temperature on dry matter partitioning and photosynthesis. Annals of Botany 44:289-300.

Aggarwal, P. K., and S. K. Sinha. 1984. Effect of water stress on grain growth and assimilate partitioning in two cultivars of wheat contrasting in their yield stability in a drought-environment. Annals of Botany 53:329-340.

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Anderson-Taylor, G., and C. Marshall. 1983. Root-tiller interrelationship in spring barley (Hordeum distichum (L.) Lam.). Annals of Botany 51:47-58.

Atkinson, C. J. 1986. The effect of clipping on net photosynthesis and dark respiration rates of plants from an upland grassland, with reference to carbon partitioning in Festuca ovina. Annals of Botany 58:61-72.

Atkinson, C. J. 1984. Quantum flux density as a factor controlling the rate of growth, carbohydrate partitioning and wood structure of Betula pubescens seedlings. Annals of Botany 54:397-411.

Atkinson, C. J., and J. F. Farrar. 1983. Allocation of photosynthetically-fixed carbon in Festuca ovina L., and Nardus stricta L. New Phytologist 95:519-532.

Blake, T. J., and W. S. Filho. 1988. Drought tolerance, growth partitioning and vigor in eucalypt seedlings and rooted cuttings. Tree Physiology 4:325-335.

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Bradbury, M. 1990. The effect of water stress on growth and dry matter distribution in juvenile Sesbania sesban and Acacia nilotica. Journal of Arid Environments 18:325-333.

Bryant, J. P., F. S. Chapin, III, and D. R. Klein. 1983. Carbon/nutrient balance of boreal plants in relation to vertebrate herbivory. Oikos 40:357-368.

Bunce, J. A., B. F. Chabot, and L. N. Miller. 1979. Role of annual leaf carbon balance in the distribution of plant species along an elevational gradient. Botanical Gazette 140:288-294.

Buyanovsky, G. A., and C. L. Wagner G. H. Kucera. 1987. Comparative analyses of carbon dynamics in native and cultivated ecosystems. Ecology 68:2023-2031.

Caldwell, M. M. 1987. Plant architecture and resource competition. Pages 164-179 in E.-D. Schulze and H. Zwölfer, editors. Potentials and limitations of ecosystem analysis. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany.

Caldwell, M. M. 1979. Root structure: the considerable cost of belowground function. Pages 408-432 in O.T. Solbrig, S. Jain, G.B. Johnson, and P.H. Raven, editors. Topics in plant population biology. Columbia University Press, New York, New York, USA.

Caldwell, M. M. 1976. Root extension and water absorption. Pages 63-85 in O.L. Lange, L. Kappen, and E.-D. Schulze, editors. Water and plant life. Springer-Verlag, New York, New York, USA.

Caldwell, M. M., and L. B. Camp. 1974. Belowground productivity of two cool desert communities. Oecologia 17:123-130.

Caldwell, M. M., and O. A. Fernandez. 1975. Dynamics of Great Basin shrub root system. Pages 38-51 in N.F. Hadley, editor. Environmental physiology of desert organisms. Dowden, Hutchinson, and Ross, Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania, USA.

Caldwell, M. M., E. J. DePuit, O. A. Fernandez, H. H. Wiebe, and L. B. Camp. 1974. Gas exchange, translocation, root growth, and soil respiration of Great Basin plants. United States/IBP Desert Biome Research Memorandum 74-9. Reprint from Reports of 1973 Progress, Volume 3: Process Studies Plant Section, pages 29-60.

Caldwell, M. M., C. B. Osmond, and D. L. Nott. 1977. C4 pathway photosynthesis at low temperature in cold-tolerant Atriplex species. Plant Physiology 60:157-164.

Caldwell, M. M., J. H. Richards, D. A. Johnson, R. S. Nowak, Dzurec, and R.S. 1981. Coping with herbivory: photosynthetic capacity and resource allocation in two semiarid Agropyron bunchgrasses . Oecologia 50:14-24.

Caldwell, M. M., R. S. White, R. T. Moore, and L. B. Camp. 1977. Carbon balance, productivity, and water use of cold-winter desert shrub communities dominated by C3 and C4 species. Oecologia 29:275-300.

Calero, A. G., and Z. Baruch. 1986. Patterns in altitudinal and seasonal biomass allocation in two contrasting plant life forms from a tropical mountain biome. Biotropica 18:189-194.

Chapin, F. S., III. 1987. Environmental controls over growth of tundra plants. Ecological Bulletins 38:69-76.

Chapin, F. S., III, and G. R. Shaver. 1988. Differences in carbon and nutrient fractions among arctic growth forms. Oecologia 77:506-514.

Chapin, F. S., III, and G. R. Shaver. 1989. Lack of latitudinal variations in graminoid storage reserves. Ecology 70:269-272.

Chapin, F. S., III. 1989. The cost of tundra plant structures: evaluation of concepts and currencies. American Naturalist 133:1-19.

Coughenour, M. B., S. J. McNaughton, and L. L. Wallace. 1984. Modelling primary production of perennial graminoids - uniting physiological processes and morphometric traits. Ecological Modelling 23:101-134.

Defoliart, L. S., M. Griffith, F. S. Chapin, III, and S. Jonasson. 1988. Seasonal patterns of photosynthesis and nutrient storage in Eriophorum vaginatum L., an arctic sedge. Functional Ecology 2:185-194.

Deng, X. M., R. J. Joly, and D. T. Hahn. 1989. Effects of plant water deficit on the daily carbon balance of leaves of cacao seedlings. Physiologia Plantarum 77:407-412.

Detwiler, R. P., and A. S. Hall. 1988. Tropical forests and the global carbon cycle. Science 239:42-47.

Fellows, R. J., D. B. Egli, and J. E. Leggett. 1979. Rapid changes in translocation patterns in soybeans following source-sink alterations. Plant Physiology 64:652-655.

Foote, K. C., and M. Schaedle. 1978. The contribution of aspen bark photosynthesis to the energy balance of the stem. Forest Science 24:569-573.

Geiger, D. R. 1979. Control of partitioning and export of carbon in leaves of higher plants. Botanical Gazette 140:241-248.

Geiger, D. R., and B. R. Fondy. 1979. A method for continuous measurement of export from a leaf. Plant Physiology 64:361-365.

Geiger, D. R., and W.-J. Shieh. 1988. Analyzing partitioning of recently fixed and of reserve carbon in reproductive Phaseolus vulgaris L. plants. Plant, Cell and Environment 11:777-783.

Gifford, R. M., J. H. Thorne, W. D. Hitz, and R. T. Giaquinta. 1984. Crop productivity and photoassimilate partitioning. Science 225:801-808.

Givnish, T. J. 1986. On the economy of plant form and function. Cambridge University Press, New York, New York, USA.

Grange, R. I. 1986. Carbon partitioning in mature leaves of pepper: Effects of transfer to high or low irradiance. Journal of Experimental Botany 38:77-83.

Griffiths, H. 1988. Carbon balance during CAM: an assessment of respiratory CO2 recycling in the epiphytic bromeliads Aechmea nudicaulis and Aechmea fendleri. Plant, Cell and Environment 11:603-611.

Hahn, B. D. 1984. A mathematical model of leaf carbon metabolism. Annals of Botany 54:325-339.

Harding, S. A., J. A. Guikema, and G. M. Paulsen. 1990. Photosynthetic decline from high temperature stress during maturation of wheat. II. Interaction with source and sink processes. Plant Physiology 92:654-658.

Harmon, M. K., and W. K. Franklin J. F. Ferrell. 1990. Effects on carbon storage of conversion of old-growth forests to young forests. Science 247:699-702.

Heilmeier, H., E. D. Schulze, and D. M. Whale. 1986. Carbon and nitrogen partitioning in the biennial monocarp Arctium tomentosum Mill. Oecologia 70:466-474.

Ho, L. C. 1979. Regulation of assimilate translocation between leaves and fruits in the tomato. Annals of Botany 43:437-448.

Hole, C. C., and R. A. Sutherland. 1990. The effect of photon flux density and duration of the photosynthetic period on growth and dry matter distribution in carrot. Annals of Botany 65:63-69.

Jones, R. H., R. R. Sharitz, and K. W. Mcleod. 1989. Effects of flooding and root competition on growth of shaded bottomland hardwood seedlings. The American Midland Naturalist 121:165-175.

Just, D., C. Saux, C. Richaud, and M. Andre. 1989. Effect of nitrogen stress on sunflower gas exchange. I. Photorespiration and carbon partitioning. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 27:669-677.

King, J., E. M. Sim, and S. A. Grant. 1984. Photosynthetic rate and carbon balance of grazed ryegrass pastures. Grass and Forage Science 39:81-92.

Koppel, A., E. Troeng, and S. Linder. 1987. Respiration and photosynthesis in cones of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). Trees 1:123-128.

Kouchi, H., and T. Yoneyama. 1984. Dynamics of carbon photosynthetically assimilated in nodulated soya bean plants under steady-state conditions. I. Development and application of 13CO2 assimilation system at a constant 13C abundance. Annals of Botany 53:875-882.

Kremer, D. F., and R. C. Sicher. 1986. Effects of temperature and irradiance on non-structural carbohydrate accumulation in barley primary leaves. Physiologia Plantarum 66:365-369.

Küppers, M. 1985. Carbon relations and competition between woody species in a central European hedgerow. IV. Growth form and partitioning. Oecologia 66:343-352.

Küppers M. 1985. Carbon relations and competition between woody species in a central European hedgerow. III. Carbon and water balance on the leaf level. Oecologia 65:94-100.

Kuuluvainen, T., and M. Kanninen. 1992. Patterns in aboveground carbon allocation and tree architecture that favor stem growth in young Scots pine from high latitudes. Tree Physiology 10:69-.

Larigauderie, A., D. W. Hilbert, and W. C. Oechel. 1988. Effect of CO2 enrichment and nitrogen availability on resource acquisition and resource allocation in a grass, Bromus mollis. Oecologia 77:544-549.

Lee, H. J. S., U. Lüttge, E. Medina, J. A. C. Smith, W. J. Cram, M. Diaz, H. Griffiths, M. Popp, C. Schafer, K.-H. Stimmel, and B. Thonke. 1989. Ecophysiology of xerophytic and halophytic vegetation of a coastal alluvial plain in northern Venezuela. III. Bromelia humilis Jacq., a terrestrial CAM bromeliad. New Phytologist 111:253-271.

Linder, S., and D. A. Rook. 1984. Effects of mineral nutrition on carbon dioxide exchange and partitioning of carbon in trees. Pages 211-236 in G.D. Bowen and E.K.S. Nambiar, editors. Nutrition of plantation forests. Academic Press, London, England.

Lloyd, E. J. 1980. The effects of leaf age and senescence on the distribution of carbon in Lolium temulentum. Journal of Experimental Botany 31:1067-1079.

Lüttge, U. 1988. Day-night changes of citric-acid levels in Crassulacean acid metabolism: phenomenon and ecophysiological significance. Plant, Cell and Environment 11:445-451.

Magnuson, C. E., Y. Fares, J. D. Goeschl, C. E. Nelson, Strain, B.R., C. H. Jaeger, and E. G. Bilpuch. 1982. An integrated tracer kinetics system for studying carbon uptake and allocation in plants using continuously produced 11CO2. Radiation and Environmental Biophysics 21:51-65.

Makela, A., and P. Hari. 1986. Stand growth model based on carbon uptake and allocation in individual trees. Ecological Modelling 33:205-229.

Mark, A. F., and F. S. Chapin, III. 1989. Seasonal control over allocation to reproduction in a tussock-forming and a rhizomatous species of Eriophorum in central Alaska. Oecologia 78:27-34.

McCree, K. J. 1986. Measuring the whole-plant daily carbon balance. Photosynthetica 20:82-93.

McCree, K. J. 1986. Whole-plant carbon balance during osmotic adjustment to drought and salinity stress. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 13:33-43.

Mooney, H. A., P. J. Ferrar, and R. O. Slatyer. 1978. Photosynthetic capacity and carbon allocation patterns in diverse growth forms of Eucalyptus. Oecologia 36:103-111.

Moore, T. R. 1989. Plant production, decomposition, and carbon efflux in a subarctic patterned fen. Arctic and Alpine Research 21:156-162.

Morris, J. T., R. A. Houghton, and D. B. Botkin. 1984. Theoretical limits of belowground production by Spartina alterniflora : an analysis through modelling. Ecological Modelling 26:155-176.

Nichols, R., and L. C. Ho. 1979. Respiration, carbon balance and translocation of dry matter in the corolla of rose flowers. Annals of Botany 44:19-25.

Pearcy, R. W., O. Björkman, M. M. Caldwell, J. E. Keeley, Monson, R.K., and B. R. Strain. 1986. Carbon gain by plants in natural environments. BioScience 37:21-29.

Peterson, K. M., W. D. Billings, and D. N. Reynolds. 1984. Influence of water table and atmospheric CO2 concentration on the carbon balance of arctic tundra. Arctic and Alpine Research 16:331-335.

Potter, J. R., and J. W. Jones. 1977. Leaf area partitioning as an important factor in growth. Plant Physiology 59:10-14.

Potvin, C. 1986. Biomass allocation and phenological differences among southern and northern populations of the C4 grass Echinochloa crus-galli. Journal of Ecology 74:915-923.

Prudhomme, T. I. 1983. Carbon allocation to antiherbivore compounds in a deciduous and an evergreen subarctic shrub species. Oikos 40:344-356.

Raich, J. W., and K. J. Nadelhoffer. 1989. Belowground carbon allocation in forest ecosystems: global trends. Ecology 70:1346-1354.

Redmann, R. E., and Z. M. Abouguendia. 1978. Partitioning of respiration from soil, litter and plants in a mixed-grassland ecosystem. Oecologia 36:69-79.

Reekie, E. G., and F. A. Bazzaz. 1989. Competition and patterns of resource use among seedlings of five tropical trees grown at ambient and elevated CO2. Oecologia 79:212-222.

Robertson, K. P., and H. W. Woolhouse. 1984. Studies of the seasonal course of carbon uptake of Eriophorum vaginatum in a moorland habitat. I. Leaf production and senescence. Journal of Ecology 72:423-435.

Sala, O. E., R. A. Golluscio, W. K. Lauenroth, and A. Soriano. 1989. Resource partitioning between shrubs and grasses in the Patagonian steppe. Oecologia 81:501-505.

Schulze, E.-D. 1982. Plant life forms and their carbon, water and nutirent relations. Page 615-675 in O.L. Lange, P.S. Nobel, C.B. Osmond, and H. Ziegler, editors. Encyclopedia of plant physiology. New series, volume 12B. Physiological plant ecology III. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany.

Sisson, W. B. 1989. Carbon balance of Panicum coloratum during drought and non-drought in the northern Chihauhauan desert. Journal of Ecology 77:799-810.

Sisson, W. B. 1983. Carbon balance of Yucca elata Engelm. during a hot and cool period in situ. Oecologia 57:352-360.

Smith, S. D., T. L. Hartsock, and P. S. Nobel. 1983. Ecophysiology of Yucca brevifolia, an arborescent monocot of the Mojave Desert. Oecologia 60:10-17.

Stutzel, H., D. A. Charles-Edwards, and D. F. Beech. 1988. A model of the partitioning of new above-ground dry matter. Annals of Botany 61:481-487.

Talouizte, A., E. Bismuth, B. Ouhmidou, A. Moyse, and M. L. Cahmpigny. 1987. Root endogenous carbohydrate and nitrate utilization by wheat seedlings. Plant Physiology 6:79-84.

Troeng, E., and S. Linder. 1982. Gas exchange in a 20-year-old stand of Scots pine. I. Net photosynthesis of current and one-year-old shoots within and between seasons. Physiologia Plantarum 54:7-14.

Turgeon, R. 1989. The sink-source transition in leaves. Pages 119-138 in W.R. Briggs, editor. Annual review of plant physiology and plant molecular biology, volume 40. Annual Reviews, Palo Alto, California, USA.

Ward, D. A., and J. A. Bunce. 1986. The control of the light acclimation of photosynthesis in Glycine max: Dependence on import as modified by intraplant shading. Journal of Experimental Botany 37:615.

Warenbourg, F. R., E. A. Paul, R. L. Randell, and R. B. More. 1979. Modele de repartition du carbone assimile dans une prairie naturelle. Oecologia Plantarum 14:1-12.

Werk, K. S., and J. Ehleringer. 1984. Non-random leaf orientation in Lactuca serriola L. Plant, Cell and Environment 7:81-87.

West, P. W. 1987. A model for biomass growth of individual trees in forest monoculture. Annals of Botany 60:571-577.

Wilson, J. B. 1988. A review of evidence on the control of shoot:root ratio, in relation to models. Annals of Botany 61:433-449.

Wong, J. H. H., D. D. Randall, and C. J. Nelson. 1983. Photosynthesis in tall fescue. Plant Physiology 72:16-21.