Lecture 21 - Bacterial Toxigenesis
Learning Objectives
- Define bacterial toxigenesis.
- Explore bacterial toxins, their background and nomenclature.
- Differentiate exotoxins and endotoxins.
- Explore the toxicity, properties, and mode of action of exotoxins.
- Understand the toxicity, properties, and mode of action of endotoxins (pyrogens).
- Understand the origins of sepsis.
- Review the detection of endotoxins.
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Advance Reading
- Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogenicity: Protein Toxins, Todar.
- Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogenicity: Endotoxins, Todar.
- Sepsis, NLM/NIH MedLine
- Determining Endotoxin Content of Ground Beef by the Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate Test as a Rapid Indicator of Microbial Quality, Jay, et al. Applied and Environmental Microbiology (1979) 38:5, 885-890.
- Immune System, (review) P. Bugl, University of Hartford
Suggested Reading
- Bacterial Toxins: Friends or Foes? C. K. Schmitt, et al. (1999) Emerging Infectious Diseases 5:2.
Resources
Keywords
- Exotoxin
- Endotoxin
- Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
- Bacterial toxins
- Enterotoxin
- Gram-positive bacteria
- Gram-negative bacteria
- Virulence
- Antigenic
- Toxoid
- Pyrogen
- O side chain (LPS)
- Core polysaccaride (LPS)
- Lipid A (LPS)
- LPS-binding proteins (LBP)
- Toll receptor
- Adaptive immunity
- Cell-mediated immunity
- Humoral immunity
- Sepsis
- Rabbit pyrogen test
- Limulus Amebocyte Lysate test (LAL)
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