1. A social constructivist would agree with all of the following except:
cognitive appraisal and interpretation of events are central to emotional experience
emotions are made up of many component elements, including cognition & expression
emotional experience and expression are universal -- the same everywhere
emotions are under willful control

2. , an important theory, suggests that humans can have no experience that they do not have language to describe.

3. Based on studies discussed in class, the finding that high status individuals express more anger toward low status individuals than the reverse fits with which of the following dimensions of culture.
individualistic versus collectivistic
linear versus dialectical
uni-cultural versus bicultural
vertical versus horizontal

4.  If I were to show Japanese and American research subjects a drawing of a school of fish following closely behind a single fish who is somewhat ahead of the group, which of following would be true?
American subjects would say the fish are all part of the same group
American subjects would say the single fish is in greater danger than the school of fish
Japanese subjects would say the single fish has more power/ is leading the group
Japanese subjects would notice that the school of fish is chasing the single fish

5. Studies have found very few differences in emotional display/ expression between Eastern and Western cultures:
true
false

6. In one study mentioned in class both Asian and European couples were equally able to experience and describe 'mixed emotions' during discussions that involved teasing and worries:
true
false

7. The social constructionist model emotion is closely related and aligned with which of the following.
evolutionary theories of emotion
biological theories of emotion
cognitive appraisal theories of emotion
physiological theories of emotion

8. Which of the following are true with respect to gender differences in emotion
females tend to be more emotionally expressive
females report experiencing pride more intensely than men
men express negative emotions more intensely than women
sex differences in emotional expression do not seem to reflect status

9. Given what we understand about individualistic cultures versus collectivistic, which of the following is most likely to hold true in cultural studies of emotion:
pride in personal accomplishment will be equally high in both cultures
shame arising from the failure of a family member will be equally high in both cultures
intensity of emotional expression will not differ in the two cultures
anger expressed toward loved ones will lower in collectivistic cultures

10.  Cultures  emotions that are important in that culture -- that is they create an elaborate network of definitions, distinctions, and vocabulary for important concepts.

Written Paragraph to be turned during class:  Discuss how levels of analysis may provide a sound way to integrate research findings that some aspects of emotion are universal while others are culturally specific.  Be sure to list all relevant levels and what we would expect to find at each level of analysis in terms of universality versus variation.