Based upon a strong demonstration of the use of ice core records for understanding past physical and chemical climate change developed from our past ice core research (Antarctica, Arctic, North Pacific and Asia) we propose to analyze and interpret a new array of Asian ice cores. We will utilize five existing and will collect one new ice core for analysis and interpretation in order to substantially increase the geographic extent and more notably enhance reconstruction of past climate over Asia. The new Pamir ice-core will be drilled for 200-300 m to see the strength and resolution of paleoclimate signal and to be ready for deep (1,000 m) ice-core drilling. The six AICA records will be annually dated to 300-500 years (multi-annually dated in deeper sections), sub-annually-resolved reconstructions of past climate (atmospheric circulation, temperature, precipitation rate, and atmospheric chemistry) utilizing continuous, co-registered measurements (n>45) of: major ions, trace elements, and stable isotope series, plus selected sections for microparticle grain size distributions.

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