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Before the arrival
of the Arabs (in the 7th & 9th centuries) and the Europeans (in the
14th century) great empires and powers existed in this region, including
the Ghana Empire, the Mali Empire, the Songhay Empire, and the Hausa
States. Even at this time, these kingdoms were known to those
civilizations above the Sahara desert, and in fact, Ghana was known in
some parts as the “Land of Gold.”
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